THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE IDH GENE AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND METASTASIS OF GLIOBLASTOMA: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GB), a cancer that affects the central nervous system and it is strongly associated with mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene, which influences both tumor development and metastasis. This article aimed to review the available evidence on the relevance of mutated or wildtype IDH genes and their
molecular mechanisms in the metastatic propensity of GB. To conduct this review, the PubMed, Nature, and SciELO platforms were used, selecting studies published between January 2022 and October 2023 that contained the descriptors "IDH", "glioblastoma" and "metastasis." After filtering the articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the studies were organized and analyzed. The publications showed that the absence of mutations in the IDH gene (IDH-wildtype) is associated with aggressive tumor progression, high resistance to treatment, and a greater probability of metastasis development, potentially affecting extracranial regions such as lymph nodes and bones. The studies also suggest that IDH-mutant status positively influences patient prognosis by reducing tumor aggressiveness and enhancing the response to therapies, such as immunotherapy. Therefore, IDH is an important prognostic and therapeutic marker to be analyzed in GB, particularly concerning the metastatic process.

Keywords: “IDH”, “glioblastoma”, “metastasis”